Long term impact of a leaf miner outbreak on the performance of quaking aspen

نویسندگان

  • Diane Wagner
  • Patricia Doak
چکیده

The aspen leaf miner, Phyllocnistis populiella Cham., has caused widespread and severe damage to aspen in the boreal forests of western North America for over a decade. We suppressed P. populiella on individual small aspen ramets using insecticide at two sites near Fairbanks, Alaska, annually for 7 years and compared plant performance with controls. Insecticide treatment successfully reduced leaf damage by P. populiella during most years and had little effect on herbivory by externally feeding invertebrates. By the end of the study, control ramets had suffered a reduction in height and girth relative to treated ramets and to the original, pretreatment size. Control ramets produced smaller leaves during some years and, after 7 years, produced fewer total shoots and leaves than ramets sprayed with insecticide. Treatment did not affect mortality, but at the warmer of the two sites, ramets sustaining ambient levels of leaf mining were significantly more likely to die back to basal sprouts than those treated with insecticide. We conclude that a decade of P. populiella outbreak has caused strongly negative effects on aspen development and the production of aboveground tissues. Résumé : La mineuse serpentine du tremble (Phyllocnictis populiella Cham.) cause des dommages sévères et très répandus dans les forêts boréales de peuplier faux-tremble de l'ouest de l'Amérique du Nord depuis plus de 10 ans. À chaque année pendant 7 ans, nous avons éliminé lamineuse sur de petits ramets de peuplier faux-tremble à l'aide d'un insecticide dans deux stations près de Fairbanks, en Alaska, et nous avons comparé la performance des plants traités à celle de plants témoins. L'insecticide a réussi à réduire les dommages foliaires causés par la mineuse durant la plupart des années et a eu peu d'effet sur l'herbivorisme par les invertébrés qui se nourrissent des feuilles. À la fin de l'étude, les ramets témoins avaient subi une réduction en hauteur et en circonférence relativement aux ramets traités et à leur dimension originale avant le traitement. Les ramets témoins ont produit de plus petites feuilles durant certaines années. Après sept ans, ils avaient produit au totalmoinsdepousses etmoinsde feuilles que les ramets traités avec un insecticide. Le traitement n'a pas eu d'effet sur lamortalitémais, dans la station la plus chaude, les ramets qui subissaient les attaques régulières de la mineuse étaient significativement plus susceptibles de dépérir jusqu'au rejet basal que ceux qui avaient été traités avec un insecticide. Nous concluons qu'une dizaine d'années d'épidémie de mineuse a eu des effets négatifs importants sur le développement du peuplier faux-tremble et sur la production de biomasse aérienne. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2013